Social Studies
Chapter 5 Study Guide

 The Spanish government created the Spanish borderlands north of New Spain to protect its gold and silver mines.

 The Spanish built presidios to protect settlers from attack.

 The oldest permanent European settlement in the United States was in St. Augustine.

 The horse changed the Indians’ way of life, because the Indians used it for transportation, which helped them in hunting and warfare.  The Indians learned how to tame horses and raise sheep from the settlers in the Spanish settlements in the borderlands.

 The Spanish government sent missionaries to the borderlands to persuade the Indians to become Catholics.  Life was hard for the Indians who lived at the Spanish missions, because they had to give up their religious traditions.

 King Louis XIV made New France a royal colony, because he wanted to rebuild his hold in North America after the fur trade was nearly destroyed.

 When Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet went looking for the Mississippi River, they hoped the river would help them find a route to Asia.

 Sieur de La Salle claimed the area known as Louisiana for the French.  La Salle claimed the area from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.

 The French king made Louisiana a proprietary colony, because he wanted one person to own and rule the colony.

 The Puritans founded their colony in Massachusetts to practice their religion.  John Winthrop was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony.  People left the Massachusetts Bay colony for political and religious reasons, to find more fertile land, and for greater economic opportunities.

 The Connecticut colony adopted the Fundamental Orders, which was the first written system of government in North America.

 The cause of King Philip’s War was disagreements over land ownership.

 The English were able to take over New Netherland so easily, because the citizens of the Dutch colonies refused to fight the English.  The Dutch influenced the style of the houses and other buildings and were responsible for the use of windmills in colonial New York City.

 William Penn established Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers.  The immigrants help Pennsylvania prosper by bringing their skills, setting up shops, and starting farms.

 The Virginia Company of London founded the Jamestown colony, because it was to be a trading post to make a profit for the company.

 The most important cash crop in Virginia and Maryland was tobacco.

 The Calverts started a colony in Maryland to make money and provide a refuge for Catholics.

 Rice and indigo are cash crops grew successfully in the Carolinas.

 Oglethorpe, debtors, and other English colonists were the first people to settle in Georgia.

 Fighting between the Indians and settlers began as more settlers arrived and took the Indians’ land.