SAM-R is an acronym for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition. Developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura, it is a way to describe levels for the impact technology has on teaching and learning. At the basic level, technology enhances instruction. In the hands of an effective teacher, technology can also completely transform learning experiences.

As personal devices for students are first implemented in Phenix City Schools, many activities will be at the substitution level, where the devices replace activities that have traditionally been dependent on paper and pencil. As experience develops, it is our belief that a 1:1 environment will allow teachers to completely transform teaching and learning experiences, redefining tasks in ways that would previously not been possible without access to technology.